Mastering Control Flow Statements in Python

Introduction

 Welcome to today's tutorial on control flow statements in Python. Control flow statements are essential for determining the execution path of a program. In this script, we will explore the three primary control flow statements in Python: if-else, for loop, and while loop. Let's get started!

If-Else Statement

 The if-else statement allows us to make decisions based on certain conditions. It follows the syntax: "if condition: do something; else: do something else." For example:

Example:
age = 20
if age >= 18:
    print("You are eligible to vote!")
else:
    print("You are not old enough to vote yet.")

In this example, the program checks if the `age` variable is greater than or equal to 18. If it is, it prints the first message; otherwise, it prints the second message.

For Loop

 The for loop is used to iterate over a sequence of elements such as lists, strings, or tuples. It follows the syntax: "for item in sequence: do something." Let's look at an example:

Example:
fruits = ["apple", "banana", "orange"]
for fruit in fruits:
    print(fruit)

 In this code snippet, the for loop iterates over the elements in the `fruits` list and prints each fruit on a new line.

While Loop

 The while loop allows us to repeat a block of code until a certain condition is met. It follows the syntax: "while condition: do something." Here's an example:

Example:
count = 1
while count <= 5:
    print("Count:", count)
    count += 1

In this example, the while loop continues until the `count` variable is no longer less than or equal to 5. It prints the value of `count` and increments it by 1 in each iteration.

Control Flow Statements in Combination

 Control flow statements can also be combined to create more complex program logic. Let's consider a scenario where we want to check if a number is positive, negative, or zero:

Example:
number = -7
if number > 0:
    print("The number is positive.")
elif number < 0:
    print("The number is negative.")
else:
    print("The number is zero.")

 In this example, the program first checks if the `number` variable is greater than 0. If it is, it prints the first message. If not, it moves to the `elif` statement and checks if it's less than 0. If true, it prints the second message. If neither condition is satisfied, it executes the `else` block and prints the third message.

Conclusion

Congratulations! You've learned about the fundamental control flow statements in Python. The if-else statement helps us make decisions, while the for and while loops enable us to iterate and repeat code execution. By combining these statements, you can create powerful programs with different execution paths based on specific conditions.


Note:
Remember to practice using these control flow statements in your own Python programs to solidify your understanding. Stay tuned for our next tutorial, where we will dive deeper into Python programming concepts.

                                       Thank you for joining us today, and happy coding!